British expansion into Africa between 1868 and 1902 Essay

How much were helpful and evangelist thought processes the most significant purpose behind British venture into Africa somewhere in the range of 1868 and 1902? In spite of the fact that there had been British nearness in Africa from the beginning of the nineteenth Century, with British regions of control including Cape Colony, Orange Free State and zones along the West coast, before 1880 Britain had as a general rule not many belongings in Africa. Just when the ‘Scramble for Africa’ was activated did Britain, alongside numerous other European incredible forces, start its crusade for regional obtaining. The major intentions in British venture into Africa were basically the monetary intrigue Africa held for Britain and its business visionaries, the competition Africa made between the Great European Powers, its vital worth and what was usually introduced to the British open similar to the most significant thought process, philanthropic purposes. For some, including Colonial Secretary Joseph Chamberlain, it was accepted that Britain had an ethical commitment to carry human progress and Christianity to the local populace who were viewed as ‘uncivilized’ and racially second rate. Also, the Church emphatically advanced the possibility of teacher work in Africa; the Church empowered the thought that a key component of supreme occupation was the expansion of Christianity which accordingly was a rationale behind government in Africa. Numerous preacher social orders were made, for example, the United Society for the Propagation of the Gospel which led gathering pledges exercises and talks. A case of a notable evangelist was Mary Slessor who went to complete her crucial Africa. Especially worried about inborn traditions saw as ‘un-Christian’, she set out to end human penance, servitude and different types of severity. Be that as it may, as a general rule philanthropic thought processes were of extremely constrained hugeness in spurring British venture into Africa; Britain was not just guided by selflessness and a mission to support the local populaces, however rather was to a great extent drove by the monetary and vital interests the landmass spoke to for it. At last, all things considered, teacher motivating forces were essentially passed on as noteworthy so as to prevail upon general feeling and backing, especially through the media and famous amusement. Of significantly more noteworthy hugeness to Britain was the key worth that Africa held. Africa had consistently been deliberately crucial for Britain’s exchange course to the Jewel of its Empire, India. Despite the fact that Britain had scarcely any belongings in Africa before 1880, the couple of it had included Gambia, Sierra Leone, Gold Coast and Cape Colony, which were all intentionally deliberately arranged along the coast. This gave Britain halting focuses and permitted it to guarantee the security of its situation along the long exchange course to India. After the development of the Suez Canal in 1969 Africa, and specifically Egypt, happened to considerably more noteworthy key significance as the waterway gave a speedy course to India. Thus the waterway pulled in impressive British interest in Egypt and in the channel itself. This was shown when Britain attacked Egypt in 1882 because of patriot riots. English mediation exhibited how Britain perceived the need to ensure the budgetary interests in Egypt, and in particular secure the course to India, regardless of Gladstone’s own approach of non-intercession. In addition, it shows how key contemplations were at last just critical so as to ensure Britain’s exchange courses and its financial advantages Africa. Notwithstanding, the British control of Egypt in 1882 brought about a defining moment in European perspectives towards Africa. It was after this occupation that the ‘Scramble for Africa’ by European forces started, therefore making the issue of extraordinary competition between the Great forces, something which was significant in inspiring conventional British control in Africa. Until the 1880’s Britain felt no genuine need to set up formal regional control, rather it depended on a ‘informal empire’ in which they had built up a simply financial impact. England had not wanted for regional control in Africa which they perceived assimilated time, individuals and cash yet rather financial abuse at least expense. However British seizure of Egypt implied that other European countries started to show expansionist enthusiasm for the district which thusly undermined Britain’s casual game plan, especially in West and Southern Africa. For instance, Britain had an enthusiasm for Nigeria yet a peril was that significant exchange along the River Niger would be under danger from French development in the region. Comparative weight came when Germany seized Togoland and the Cameroons in 1884 and the Belgians set up the Congo Free State in 1885. Therefore the legislature allowed a Royal Charter to the Niger Company, out of which in the end developed the settlement of Nigeria. It is far-fetched that the administration would have respected the interests of the Niger brokers thoughtfully had it not been for its assurance not to permit France, Belgium and Germany from snatching land which would undermine British exchange, something which was of principal significance to Britain and it would not permit to be undermined. The scramble in West Africa had likewise brought about Berlin West Africa Conference which set down principles for future addition of region. The arrangement expressed that so as to pick up land a country needed to demonstrate that they were in ‘effective occupation’. This implied before taking proper control, a monetary impact must be set up in the district by private financial specialists and business visionaries. For instance, a prominent ‘man on the spot’ was Cecil Rhodes. At seventeen years old Rhodes went to Arica and turned into a multimillionaire through precious stone and gold mining ventures. In 1889 he established the British South Africa Company and utilized this association to push British control northwards from Cape Colony to set up Rhodesia, a province named after himself. The job of the individual itself was of restricted significance in driving or encouraging British venture into Africa as hardly any business visionaries oversaw o push forward an area as Rhodes had. Be that as it may, it was at last roused by financial interests and it permitted the British government to most fundamentally secure British impact in a territory by demonstrating ‘effective occupation’ which along these lines permitted Britain to contend in the scramble with different countries and accordingly ensure its exchange and monetary interests in Africa. At long last, of preeminent significance in spurring British venture into Africa was the monetary intrigue the mainland held for Britain. Right off the bat Britain’s settlements along the west coast had consistently been deliberately significant for the essential exchange course to India and later North Africa turned out to be similarly as crucial in Britain’s course to India through the Suez Canal. Be that as it may, past this Britain was amazingly quick to misuse the landmasses bounty of normal materials and very important minerals. This is obvious as Britain was plainly just keen on holding onto provinces that, if not deliberately significant, were wealthy in materials to abuse. For instance, Egypt was seized by Britain because of its huge financial significance as it gave the fast course to India and furthermore created top notch cotton which was highly looked for after by British material makers. Besides the fascination in the British of Nigeria lay in the palm oil exchange as palm oil was utilized in the assembling of cleanser and candles and as a modern ointment. England additionally observed incredible potential for exchange East Africa; Zanzibar imported huge amounts of fabricated merchandise from Britain and India. It was a significant exchanging point from which came ivory and cowhide merchandise and into which went materials, metal and steel from Britain. Britain’s essential intrigue was exchange and financial addition. With no monetary potential in a zone Britain was not keen on colonization, conversely if a district held extraordinary financial speculations, for instance Egypt, Britain rushed to involve the territory notwithstanding its hesitance to broaden formal control which it saw as devouring time, individuals and cash. In outline, Africa’s financial potential was unmistakably the essential explanation behind British venture into Africa 1868-1902. England was not an exclusively benevolent country which got engaged with the mainland absolutely to support the individuals, rather it was driven by its own benefits. The facts confirm that contention from other extraordinary European forces was indispensable in diverting British control in Africa from casual into strong occupation, anyway basically Britain’s assurance not to permit different countries to snatch land was to maintain a strategic distance from danger to its exchange and financial interests in a locale. Besides, Africa’s vital significance was additionally exceptionally esteemed by Britain, yet by and by its definitive worth lay in its way along the urgent course to India and in this manner the insurance of Britain’s financial intrigue.

Frankenstein-Vol.3 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Frankenstein-Vol.3 - Essay Example To sum things up, Victor who is the maker of a malevolent animal currently needs to dispose of him however he was unable to do as such as the animal has continually watched out for him. The animal needs Victor to make a female for him simply like he made him joining bits of a few carcasses. He gets compromising notes from the animal that if there should arise an occurrence of inability to do as such; the animal won't let Victor wed Elizabeth. Victor has become the animals slave, and his life is completely of the animals structure. It is not, at this point clear who is the maker, who the creation. Victor, subsequent to encountering a few periods of dread and misery inside him chooses to satisfy the craving of the animal however Frankenstein is repelled by the idea that the two beasts may bring forth kids; in this manner making another race that could eventually wreck all mankind. Victor concludes that releasing such a bane upon humankind would be the very pinnacle of narrow-mindedness and tears the half completed animal (lady of the hour of animal) into pieces. The animal after thinking about the messed up guarantee scare Victor with a chilling guarantee that the animal would be with him on his wedding night. The animal killed his companion ‘Henry’ and Victor was considered liable for his homicide. Victor lies in a ridiculousness of fever and disarray. At the point when Victor at long last rises up out of his ridiculousness he promptly solicits after the wellbeing from Elizabeth. His dads nearness gradually starts to recapture his wellbeing and in the wake of overcoming such a predicament, he wed Elizabeth yet not long before his wedding night, Elizabeth was killed and demolished by the animal. Mary Shelley needs the peruser to understand that no human has the ability to make another being and on the off chance that it gets conceivable, the resultant would only the underhanded who will, dissimilar to people not believe his maker to be his lord. I, anyway concur with this reality that lone God has the ability to make creatures, along these lines they couldn't compromise him. I concur upon reality the author needed the

Spring Transfer Update - UGA Undergraduate Admissions

Spring Transfer Update - UGA Undergraduate Admissions Spring Transfer Update After a short break we are now able to continue processing spring transfer applications. We had been focusing on posting college credit for about 800 to1000 returning and new students for the fall. The majority of this work has been posted and we are now able to move forward with reviewing spring applications. We cannot predict how long a decision will take as this depends on many factors. Check your status! Your myStatus not only tells you if we have received your transcript(s), you will also be able to see if we have received the most up-to-date transcript. Transfer applicants must submit an official transcript from every college you have previously attended (this includes dual enrollment coursework). If you are in your first semester at your current institution, we will not need a transcript from that college if you will not have any coursework completed by the deadline. This transcript will still show on your myStatus as we will need it if you are admitted. For students who have been admitted for spring, registration for Orientation should open in mid to late September. Be sure to check the Orientation website for updates. Go Dawgs! Spring Transfer Update - UGA Undergraduate Admissions Spring Transfer Update We are over halfway through Spring Transfer applications at this time. We have made decisions on about 1,000 applications. There are about 300 files still left to review and about 250 incomplete files. Soon we will send out an email to all incomplete applicants notifying them of this status. If you receive this email, please log in to your myStatus to see what is missing. We must have an official transcript from every college/university you have previously attended. This includes coursework done through dual enrollment while in high school. If we do not have the most up-to-date transcript for you, then you would also be incomplete. Your myStatus will have a date listed by your transcript(s) so that you can see when we received it and determine if you need to submit an updated one. If it is your first term at your current institution and you have no completed coursework, then we do not need that transcript at this time. A small number of applicants are incomplete because we have not received the application fee. Applicants should submit missing material as soon as possible. At this time, we are working on applications that were completed by August 20. Please note completed does not mean when you applied. An application is complete when we receive all required items. Be sure to check your myStatus to see if we are missing something from you. If you have any questions regarding your application, please call or email us. Have a great weekend. Go Dawgs!

A Story About Childs Missing - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 3 Words: 873 Downloads: 1 Date added: 2019/04/16 Category Society Essay Level High school Topics: Domestic Violence Essay Did you like this example? My child is missing, is something no parents wants to say, but in the cases of Asha Degree, Erica Parsons, and Zahra Baker it was believed to be the parents of the children. All of these little girls have had a past of domestic violence in their past. Asha Degree went missing on February 14, 2000. She was 9 years old at the time She was last seen at 2:30 that morning by her parents, but was spotted walking down highway 18 in Shelby, NC only 90 minutes after being seen by her parents. Her parents reported her missing at 6:30 that morning. A year after her disappearance Ashas backpack was found buried 20 miles from her home. In 2016 police got a tip that she was picked up in a green early 1970s thunderbird that someone said they say someone in the description of Asha getting into around the time of her disappearance. In some articles I read there was child abuse history in others it doesnt say anything about it. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "A Story About Childs Missing" essay for you Create order Erica Parsons went missing in 2011, but wasnt reported until two years after by her brother. Erica was found in 2016 with the help of her father and all that was left was her skeletal remains. Erica had a history of being abused by her adopted parents from 2000 and 2011, she was 11 when she was said to have went missing. Later in the case they found that Ericas body was discarded in Pageland SC on family property. Both foster parents remain in prison for thee murder of her. As results come back after an autopsy come back showing years of abuse and malnourishment Zarah Baker, a young disabled girl who lived with her dad and step mom in Hickory, NC. She was reported missing on October 9th, 2010. This case reached worldwide as Zarah Baker was originally born in Australia. It wa October 10th when police said that the search dogs detected the scent of human remains in the vehicle of both of the parents vehicles, on October 12, 2010 police call that her case is now a homicidal case. On October 24, the stepmom of Zarah tell police that Zarah is dead and scattered over various counties. A day later she shows investigators sites of where her remains were dumped although there werent any remains found until November 30th of that year. Zarahs stepmother was sentenced to 15-18 years of prison September 15th a year later. In two of these cases it is proven that domestic abuse has been used in the case and even in Zarahs case there were social workers involved only 4 months before her murder, could this have been prevented? Possibly, but the social worker assigned to Zarah Baker dismissed after 4 visits with her and the parents. Domestic violence against spouses and children is something that never ends. Social workers work with the whole family, the victim, the perpetrator, and any children involved to make the family understand that it doesnt have to be this way. Social workers need to keep up with domestic violence and abuse laws. In the year 2012 in New York City two out of three murder cases were consisted of domestic violence and were women. That means that 68% of the murder cases were women and that of the year before that it was 54% of cases were women in domestic violence situations. Ways to help prevent Domestic violence is to bring it more to light to start discussing it, letting women and children know that they can get help with getting out of their situation. The social problem addressed in this article is that of domestic abuse, either it being children or adult women, what needs to happen is that people need to start being able to see the signs, let children know what to do and how to get help for their mom if they are in need of help. There should be posters out for help with domestic violence. Domestic violence is a worldwide problem, so it would be considered a macro problem. But it can also be considered a micro problem. Why? Domestic violence is a macro problem because it is going on in all places of the world. It is something that needs to be addressed and it is micro because it is in just the family that is involved. A program that should be in place is to have a social worker do evaluations on every couple planning to get married or move in together. There should be more posters about domestic violence at places like womens bathroom in places like Walmart where people are constantly at. There should then be secret homes where women can be directed to. I say that because a lot of men can find the shelters and they can be murdered or even beaten and harassed. Then the women can relocate after a week in one place and not have to worry about being found and killed. After a social worker does the evaluations of couples they should do three to five home visits to ensure everything is going smoothly and that the women or even very rarely the men arent becoming victims.After the visits from social workers the couple should be given a magnet for the fridge for easy access to the contact help if help is needed.

A Summary of Franz Kafkas Metamorphosis - 1244 Words

Metamorphosis Franz Kafkas Metamorphosis is a chilling story of a man named Gregor, who wakes one morning to find himself transformed into a giant insect. As expected, his family is shocked, but tries to adjust to the situation. However, over time his family comes to reject him and sees his continued existence as a burden. Wishing him dead, his family gets their wish when Gregor finally dies and his loss is then seen as a blessing. Although the author meant this tale to be symbolic of the alienation one can develop towards society, it can also be reinterpreted to be symbolic of illness in society and the reaction towards the sick. One of the first things that happens when Gregor Samsa wakes to find himself transformed into giant insect is that he is unable to get up and go to work as a traveling salesman. In fact, because he is unused to his new body, he is unable to do anything but lay in his bed. As a result, his boss comes to his house and inquires about him, but as an insect, Gregor is unable to communicate and explain his situation. When he reveals himself, his boss is so shocked that he runs away and Gregor loses his job. Gregors transformation is much like the development of an illness in modern society. For instance, when a person develops AIDS, they are sometimes the object of fear to those around them. Like Gregors transformation, their disease becomes disruptive to their work, and as a result, many with serious illnesses end up losing their jobs. AndShow MoreRelatedEssay on Metamorphosis1359 Words   |  6 PagesMetamorphosis In the short story, Metamorphosis, the narrator describes Gregor’s new life as an insect. He then goes on to describe Gregor’s sister, Grete, with a reflection of Gregor’s opinion in the description. Kafka employs a number of stylistic devices including descriptive imagery, metaphors, and symbolism in the passage to describe the situation. While these devices on their own just provide a more complex method of painting the situation, the way they are assembled in the passage Read MoreGregor Samsa And Depression By Franz Kafka1665 Words   |  7 PagesGregor Samsa and Depression Gregor Samsa is the main character in the book â€Å"The Metamorphosis† written by Franz Kafka and published in early 1915. The book which is primarily centered on Gregor and his family takes readers on a journey into the seemingly disturbing life of Gregor Sasma and how major changes in his life take him on a downward spiral of depression and eventually, death. The changes evident in Gregor did not only affect him, but also affected his immediate family resulting in attitudesRead More Gregor as Symbol of the Jewish Race in Franz Kafka’s Metamorphosis2001 Words   |  9 PagesGregor as Symbol of the Jewish Race in Franz Kafka’s Metamorphosis For thousands of years, the Jewish People have endured negative stereotypes such as the insects of humanity. As Sander Gilman pointed out, the Nazi Party labeled Jews as insects like lice and cockroaches, that generate general disgust among all humanity (Gilman 80).1 These derogative stereotypes, although championed by the Nazis, have their origins many centuries earlier and have appeared throughout Western culture forRead MoreData Sheet Analysis for Kafkas Metamorphosis Essay4848 Words   |  20 Pagesa Word version of this sheet. | | |Details of the setting (include changes in setting): | |Author: Franz Kafka |The entirety of the novel takes place within the confines of the | | |Samsas apartment, save for the final paragraph

Mgt 510 Free Essays

People Management, the Mantra for Success: The Case of Singhania and Partner Jameelah Richardson Dr. Finn MGT 510 September 10, 2012 In this paper we will discuss the case of Singhania and Partner. We would examine the case of Singhania and Partners and evaluate the organization’s strategy. We will write a custom essay sample on Mgt 510 or any similar topic only for you Order Now Next we would evaluate each of the five IHRM practices with respect to recruitment and selection, training for cross-cultural adaptation, management development, evaluation, and compensation. Later we will discuss which of the five practices can be approved. Afterwards, we would make recommendations to management to successfully improve the current IHRM strategy. Finally, we would explain how the recommended changes impact the organization in the industry. Examine the Case of Singhania and Partners and Evaluate the Organization’s Strategy Singhania amp; Partners is known as a full service national law firm. This firm is known for being successful with international corporate and commercial, litigation, and arbitration and intellectual property in law. The company was founded by Ravi Singhania and Manju Mohorta. Ravi Singhania was the founder and managing partner while Mohorta was the Chief Executive. Both Ravi and Manu were concerned about the HR practices currently used by the firm and if the company faces human resource risks. It seemed that the firm is facing a high attrition rate in the Indian legal services industry and this is causing an alarming problem. There has been a shift between legal firms and partners. It seems the entry of foreign law firms into India could create more competition between law firms. They should focus more on gaining trust of their employees. Gaining the respect of your employees will create positive work environments and relationships within the firm. It would also deflate stress and uncertainty while being in that work environment. Evaluate Each of the Five IHRM Practices with Respect to Recruitment and Selection, Training for Cross-Cultural Adaptation, Management Development, Evaluation, and Compensation Recruitment of staff should be sought after a complete analysis of the job to be done. An analytical study would focus on the tasks that need to be performed to determine valuable factors. A written job description would be beneficial so the employer would know what physical and mental characteristics one should possess and what qualities and attitudes are desirable. The  Recruitment and Selection Process  is one of the basic HR Processes. Recruitment and Selection is very sensitive as many managers have a need to hire a new employee and this process is always under a strict monitoring from their side. The  Recruitment and Selection Process  must be simple and must be robust enough to operate excellently in the moment of the insufficient number of candidates on the job market and the process must be also able to process a large number of candidates within given time limit (Richards, 2008). Cross-cultural training encompasses a combination of translation, instructional design and cultural adaptation, each of which is required to convey new concepts to a target audience in another country. Simply translating training material will not work, as it fails to take into account the cultural factors that influence the trainees’ perceptions (Smith, 2004). With Management development, you must look at the strategy of the organization and address that there are well trained managers in play to ensure the organization is on the right path of completing their goals. Basically an evaluation / appraisal scheme is a formalization of what is done in a more casual manner anyway (e. g. if there is a vacancy, discussion about internal moves and internal attempts to put square pegs into ‘squarer holes’ are both the results of casual evaluation). Most managers approve merit payment and that too calls for evaluation, made a standard routine task, it aids the development of talent, warns the inefficient or uncaring and can be an effective form of motivation (Richards, 2008). Compensation Strategy  is one of the most important strategies in the HRM function as it influences the costs of the organization and potential bad decision can lead to very serious damages to the organization (Richards, 2008). Discuss which of the Five Practices can be improved In my opinion, both recruitment and selection and compensation could be improved. Today, a lot of people are chosen for a job on how they look or because they know someone which isn’t fair to the person who actually has the experience to complete the job. Even if you don’t have that much experience for the job but your educational background introduces you to what the job entails you should still be giving a chance to perform at your best. Most college students are not giving a chance to start a job in their major because you’re expected to have 5 to 7 years’ experience early on but how do you obtain that if you’re learning the basics of what is expected in that particular field? I feel if you were introduce to what the field entails then you should be given a chance to perform the task either way you will be trained to do that job right? Compensation is the most important factor in HR yet employees work hard and get compensated less. It seems that organizations put so many stipulations into play to get compensated that once you receive it you’re like I did all of this for that what was the point? If you expect your employees to perform at their best level and keep that same drive every month, compensation should be both a reachable and achievable goal so in the end everybody wins the employer, employee, and the organization as a whole. Make Recommendations to Management to Successfully Improve the Current IHRM Strategy International Human Resource Management Strategy (IHRM) is the recruitment, selection, training and development, performance appraisal, compensation, and labor relations (Cullen, 2011). Management needs to be cautious of who they’re choosing to complete the task at hand. Education and experience should play in major part in the recruitment and selection process. With college students, they are aware of what the job is and what it entails but in order for the individual to complete the job the way you want it you must train them. Afterwards, then evaluate them on their performance to determine if they’re a right fit for the organization. Compensation must improve and employees should be acknowledge for the hard work that is put in day in and day out. If employees feel their being treated with the upmost respect, receiving job recognition and compensation for what they’re doing production would be meeting or exceeding the organization’s expectation and everyone wins. Explain how the Recommended Changes Impact the Organization in the Industry Managers can build trust by demonstrating that they are guided by ethical standards and beliefs and then by exhibiting behaviors that are consistent with those standards and beliefs. A variety of conditions and factors can enhance employee trust. Four of the most important are credibility, integrity, reliability, and commitment (Smith, 2004). In conclusion, employee trust is generally something that is earned over time. Building trust can be difficult but it is much easier to lost it through inconsistent behavior and lack of commitment. By enhancing employee trust Singhania ;amp; Partners will become the most consistent firm. References Cullen, John B. ;amp; Parboteeah, Praveen (2011) Multinational Management Richards, Sam (2008) HRM Advice Smith, Jeanine (2006) V ;amp; L International How to cite Mgt 510, Papers

Innisfree introduction Essay Example For Students

Innisfree introduction Essay Innisfree is a natural brand that shares the benefits of nature from the pristine island of Jeju allowing for vibrant beauty and pursues an eco-friendly green life to preserve the balance of nature Innisfree, the pure island where clean nature and healthy beauty coexist in harmony. preserve the balance of Innisfree will share the benefits of nature for your vibrant beauty and has made efforts to preserve nature since 2000. 1 . We pursue radiant health and beauty with natural and reliable ingredients. 2. We pursueEthical Consumption by offering various quality products at affordable prices. 3. We promote aneco-friendly green design with the benefits of nature. 4. We practice eco-friendly green life to preserve nature. 5. We share sensuous experiences by capturing the various essences of nature. nature. Innisfree introduction By choletung

Norma Jean Mortensen Baker Was Born To Her Mother Gladys Mortensen On

Norma Jean Mortensen Baker was born to her mother Gladys Mortensen on June 1st, 1926 at 9:30 am in Los Angeles, California. Gladys was divorced from her husband, C. Stanley Gifford and separated from her husband Ed Mortensen. Ed Mortensen was who Gladys put on Norma Jean's birth certificate as her father but it is still in question if he was her father of if it was her first husband Jack Baker who was her father. Gladys had two other kids from another marriage. She had them in her first marriage to Jack Baker. They were married when she was sixteen in 1917. The kids names were Hermitt Jack and Berneice. They went to live with their father's family in Kentucky after their divorce in 1921. Hermitt reportedly died of Tuberculosis in the early 20's, but Gladys reported both of them dead when Norma Jean was born. Gladys later reunited in the 60's when Berneice in the 60's when Berneice became Gladys legal guardian. After Norma Jean was born Gladys decided she couldn't afford her and so she sent her to live with a mail carrier and his wife, Albert and Ida Bolender. Norma Jean spent her first years with the Bolenders. They were very religious. They boarded children at their property. It was two acres. They tried to adopt her but Gladys always rejected. Her Grandmother live across the street from the Bolenders. Her name was Della Hogan Monroe Grainger. She would take Norma Jean to her house for visits often. Later in life Marilyn said that she awoke in the night fighting for her lifer because her grandmother was holding a pillow over her face. Many people say she couldn't remember this happening because she was only a year old then. Another time Della tried to ?rescue? Norma Jean. She tired breaking the Bolenders door down. She had to be taken away by the police and she was put in an asylum on August 4, 1927, where she died 3 weeks later from a heart attack during a manic seizure. Norma Jean's situation was very confusing for her. She got weekend visits from Gladys. Norma Jean never called her her mama though. She didn't know Gladys was really her mother until Ida Bolender pointed it out to her. She had always called the Bolenders mom and dad until Ida corrected her. There was another kid there named Lester. He got away with away with calling them mom and dad because he had been adopted by them. Yet, they called Norma Jean and Lester ?twins? which only confused Norma Jean even more. Gladys started spending more time with her daughter and she took her to work with her occasionally. She was five when she saw pictures of the father for the first time. ?I felt so excited I almost fell off my chair...That was my first happy time.? (Marilyn by: Kathy Rooks-Denes, copyright 1993, pg. 19). In 1934 Norma Jean was brought to lice with her mom and an English couple. They urged her out of the religious shell she was in and got her into singing and dancing and the movies. Gladys worked two jobs. She tried to provide a good family life for her daughter but in 1935 Gladys was taken away on away on a stretcher. She was put in the same mental hospital her mom had died in and was diagnosed with paranoid schizophrenia. She would stay in the hospital almost the rest of her life. Her mother would never allow her to be adopted out so she lived in 12 different families, 10 of them foster parents, when she wasn't in a Los Angeles orphaninge. At age 16 Norma Jean was forced into a marriage to 20 year old Jim Dougherty. She didn't want to marry him. She thought she was way too young but she was forced to do so anyways. ?I had six mothers weeping when I marched down the aisle? (Marilyn pg. 25) Gladys wasn't there though even though she wasn't in a hospital at the time. They didn't take a honeymoon and Jim went to work the next day like their marriage wasn't any big deal. ?It was like being retired to a zoo. The effect marriage had on me was to increase my lack of interest in sex...Actually our marriage was a sort of friendship with sexual privileges, (which) brought me neither pain nor happiness.? (Marilyn pg. 26) She wanted a baby but he talked her out

LITTLE Surname Meaning and Origin

LITTLE Surname Meaning and Origin Little is a common  descriptive  surname often bestowed on someone who was of short or petite stature,  from the Middle English littel  and  Old English lytel, meaning little. In some cases the surname may have been used to denote the younger of two men of the same name.  KLEIN is the German variant and PETIT the French variant. Alternate Surname Spellings:  LITTLE, LITEL, LITTELL, LITTLE, LYTEL, LYTELL, LYTTELLE, LITTELLE, LYTLE, LYTTLE Surname Origin: English   Where in the World Do People with the LITTLE Surname Live? According to surname distribution data from Forebears, Little is a fairly common surname in most English-speaking countries, including the United States (where it ranks 276th), New Zealand (243rd), Australia (262nd), Scotland (256th), England (331st) and Canada (357th). Within England, Little is most common in the northern counties, especially Cumberland where it is the 11th most common last name. WorldNames PublicProfiler  indicates that in the United Kingdom,  Little is  most common in Cumbria County, England; Dumfries and Galloway, Scotland; and  Fermanagh, Northern Ireland. Within North America, Little is especially common in Nova Scotia, as well as the U.S. states of North Carolina and Mississippi.   Famous People with the LITTLE Last Name Lewis Henry Little - American  Civil War Confederate brigadier generalMalcolm Little - birth name of Malcolm X, African-American human rights activist  Arthur Dehon Little - American chemical engineerJean Little - Canadian writer Genealogy Resources for the Surname LITTLE Little Surname DNA ProjectThis DNA project was started in 2001 and has grown to include over 300 members with the surnames Little, Klein, Kline, or Cline interested in working collaboratively to combine genealogy research with DNA testing to sort out Little family lines. English Surname Meanings and OriginsUncover the meaning of your English last name with this guide to English surname meanings and origins. How to Research English  AncestryLearn how to research your English family tree with this guide to genealogical records in England and Wales, including birth, marriage, death, census, military and church records. Little Family Crest - Its Not What You ThinkContrary to what you may hear, there is no such thing as a Little  family crest or coat of arms for the Little surname.  Coats of arms are granted to individuals, not families, and may rightfully be used only by the uninterrupted male line descendants of the person to whom the coat of arms was originally granted.   LITTLE  Family Genealogy ForumSearch this popular genealogy forum for the Little surname to find others who might be researching your ancestors, or post your own Little genealogy query. FamilySearch - LITTLE GenealogyExplore over 2.7 million  historical records which mention individuals with the Little surname, as well as online Little family trees on this free website hosted by the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints. GeneaNet - Little  RecordsGeneaNet includes archival records, family trees, and other resources for individuals with the Little surname, with a concentration on records and families from France and other European countries. DistantCousin.com - LITTLE  Genealogy Family HistoryExplore free databases and genealogy links for the last name Little. The Little  Genealogy and Family Tree PageBrowse family trees and links to genealogical and historical records for individuals with the last name Little  from the website of Genealogy Today. - References: Surname Meanings Origins Cottle, Basil.  Penguin Dictionary of Surnames. Baltimore, MD: Penguin Books, 1967. Dorward, David.  Scottish Surnames. Collins Celtic (Pocket edition), 1998. Fucilla, Joseph.  Our Italian Surnames. Genealogical Publishing Company, 2003. Hanks, Patrick and Flavia Hodges.  A Dictionary of Surnames. Oxford University Press, 1989. Hanks, Patrick.  Dictionary of American Family Names. Oxford University Press, 2003. Reaney, P.H.  A Dictionary of English Surnames. Oxford University Press, 1997. Smith, Elsdon C.  American Surnames. Genealogical Publishing Company, 1997. Back toGlossary of Surname Meanings Origins

Threats and Opportunities of Social Media Marketing in the Framework Essay

Threats and Opportunities of Social Media Marketing in the Framework of Contemporary Advertising Strategy - Essay Example This essay stresses that social media marketing is something that must always remain supreme within any advertising strategy which is geared to meet the eye of the young audiences. This has been proven with the passage of time that the young ones appreciate the presence of marketing on social media platforms like Twitter, Facebook, Google, YouTube, Instant Messengers and so on. As the paper declares the contemporary advertising strategy is such that it derives its basis from a number of different sectors, most significant of which remain the aspects of reaching out to the relevant target audiences and thus finding ways and means through which newer markets could be tapped in a corrective fashion. It would also manifest for growth and development under the already established clientele, which is indeed the target audience which is proving to be a major success for the brands and campaigns working under the aegis of these organizations. The modern day advertising strategy is such that it will bring instant results if devised in line with the needs, wishes and desires of the target audience. Within the framework of the social media avenues, it is always pertinent to discern the basis of success within the making up of such advertising strategies and plans which would eventually give the intended mileage to the brands and campaigns that are run on these platfor ms. The social media trends and changes are happening so quickly that it is very difficult to follow up what exactly is taking place within the relevant ranks. This calls for an understanding of how properly the advertising strategies are devised, planned and later on implemented within the related settings (Sigala, 2011). What is most significant here is an understanding that much sanity can prevail within these discussions if everyone knows his role well and then goes about aligning and delegating people for their respective chores and tasks. After all, it must be remembered here that the social media marketing elements are always given the go ahead when the brands and campaigns within the aegis of organizations understand their use and believe in its effectiveness and efficiency without any issues that will ultimately come to the reckoning. An opportunity that can be discussed here is of these social media platforms working to best affects for the sake of the consumers and users alike. These people want to be updated about the latest products, services and trends that belong to their own age where they spend most of their time, i.e. the social media avenues. It excites the young audiences as they want to connect with it and thus know about the different worldly affairs (Nolan, 2011). It just is a very significant part of who they are and what they want to seek from life. Psychological entities have proven that the social media enterprises and platforms excite the teenagers more than the

Bioterorrism Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Bioterorrism - Research Paper Example It is important to point out that the use of biological warfare comes with disastrous results, just like other weapons of mass of destruction. Despite nations devising tactical approaches, meant to stop the threat posed by biological weapons, the simple nature in manufacturing the weapons puts nations such as the United States at a risk of an imminent attack from terrorists. According to the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), â€Å"A bioterrorism attack is the deliberate release of viruses, bacteria, or other germs (agents) used to cause illness or death in people, animals, or plants.† Based on the foregoing, it is evident that these are natural agents of causing diseases. Nevertheless, terrorists change these agents by increasing their ability to cause diseases, increasing their capability to resist drugs, or even escalating their capacity to spread widely in the environment, which is often with catastrophic effects. The CDC further noted the possibility of terrorists to use biological agents since their detection is not simple, and the biological agents have the ability of concealing illness for several hours or even days, which enhances their spread to other people and to the environment. However, it is important to point out that there is a tendency to collocate biological agents with nuclear weapons and lethal chemical weapons as potential weapons of mass destruction. However, there are discernible differences between these other weapons and bioweapons. In this regard, pathogens are living things, which is not the case with the other weapons. In effect, biological weapons are able to reproduce and independently engage in adaptive behavior, which is not the case with the other weapons (Steinbruner 87). Therefore, these contrasting characteristics of biological weapons enhance the potency of bioweapons in comparison to the other weapons. Vogel noted, â€Å"A commonly held belief is that the technology behind biological weapons is re latively simple and therefore, one could argue, less dependent on tacit knowledge than nuclear weapons† (660). In this case, this emphasizes the ease with which terrorists can acquire these weapons and even manufacture them easily by acquiring the essential ingredients that are readily available. It is common knowledge that experts and the media have made the widespread belief that the requirements for biological weapons are chicken soup, a bathtub, and seed culture (Vogel 660). This effectively puts emphasis on the ease of making biological weapons. To support this argument, Steinbruner noted, â€Å"A small home-brewery is all that it would be required to a potent threat of major proportions† (86). On the other hand, there is an argument that the inherent dual-usage of biotechnology renders previous tacit knowledge in bioweapons explicit (Vogel 660). In effect, this poses challenges to policymakers regarding protecting civilians against attacks that result from the use of the biological weapons. In support of this line of thought on the ease of manufacturing biological weapons, Steinbruner noted, â€Å"As potential instruments of destruction, biological agents are inexpensive, readily available, and usually dangerous† (85). In this case, various pathogens affect human beings with some of these pathogens having the potential of causing massive destruction. Indeed, Streinbruner pointed that some biological agents

Politics Essays Fundamental Principles Of Legitimate Power

Politics Essays Fundamental Principles Of Legitimate Power There are various theories about what can make power legitimate. Doyou think that one theory is more convincing than others? To understand thefundamental principles of legitimate power and governance one must look at theperiod surrounding the Enlightenment because this is the time when theindividual became an important entity, no longer was the individual part of aclass on a hierarchical structure, with power relating to that class. Thenatural rights theorists aim was to show that man was born in a state ofnature, and given the right to do as he/she wished, but this was sacrificed tothe governance of the land, i.e. that the rational man would give up thestate of freedom, for the security and safety of law, governance andsovereignty. Locke, said instead of giving up the right to do absolutely anythingto the sovereign entity, the rational man would put these rights in the handsof a government that holds the good of the people as supreme. Locke did notbelieve that man gives up all these natural rights, but each person retainedrights that were regulated by a political government, to ensure a person wouldnot use their rights in a way that would harm the rights of others. Lockesversion of rights was one of the first models of inherent rightsto life, liberty, freedom and property, where the king was there at the will ofthe people and benevolent in nature. Theinfluence of John-Jacques Rousseau is also important, although not strictlyspeaking a natural law theorist, in the sense of earlier theorists. The mostimportant difference that Rousseau discussed in his works was that governmentand reason has not protected man but enslaved man, whereas in thestate of nature these rights were upheld in a paradisiacal state. One ofRousseaus most interesting critiques of government and law was in the SocialContract where man was originally free but in society everywhere inchains. Therefore he believed instead of giving up ones freedom to agoverning body, it needs to be reclaimed by man but this did not meanreclaiming the paradise of Rousseaus state of nature. Instead these rightsshould be inherent to each man and that the government created is not only forthe good of the people but should be determined by the will of the people.Rousseau believed people should bepart of the regulation of the government and law; otherwise the government thatis essentia lly corrupt will take away these rights. Popular involvement makesit impossible for these rights to be taken away by the government. There wasan assumption of equality between men and basis rights to life, liberty,freedom, and protection from the corruption of absolute government (i.e. rightsto freedom of speech and assembly) and the right to a fair trial and independentCourt of law. This argument stems from the authors of the AmericanConstitution where the rights embodied in the text were self-evident becauseall men were created equal and given certain inalienable rights, which areafforded to all persons of the globe, state borders have no impact on theserights. The writers claimed these rights came from God. Other theorists haveargued we have these rights merely because we are human. This argument is stillone used in the 20th/21st Century as it is the easiest topass off, however there is no real moral justification for upholding theserights, therefore how can one say we must keeps these rights in the face of abreach or dissolution of them. Hobbes state of nature sets up that; Men by nature [are]equal: Nature hath made men so equal, in faculties of the body, and mind Foras to the strength of body, the weakest has strength enough to kill thestrongest, either by secret, machination, or by confederacy with others, thatare in the same danger with himself; henceall are equal in fear of death. Therefore if this fear was set forth by themonarch then this first law of nature legitimizes the citizens to revolt andset up a form of governance that ensures this equality and that their basicrights are upheld. Therefore if the citizens of Hobbes state are able to gettogether to give the power of law and governance to a single individual theybelieve will uphold the common good; then in the same coalition they can deposethis individual if in fact their powers of governance and over the law aremisused. This state of nature is hypothetical in order to provide a theoryjustify the fair governance of a small section of society, or as Hobbes prefersa monarch. It is the equality of fear, the individuals right to everything inaddition to subsequent laws of nature which provides the conditions for asocial contract to ensure security and equality of mankind. There are some problemswith Hobbes social contract which is giving the power of rule and governanceto a single individual; this is arguably giving this individual uncheckedpower. Therefore if every man has the right to everything and then ifthe state of natures equality is no longer the case because the power of lawlays in an individuals hands where this individual has the wants and desiresto obtain everything. Hence there will be a tyrannical government, rather thana government for the common good. Utilitarianismis not a theory of individual rights, instead it views that the good of thecommunity was a more important aim for the law and government ruled by thepeople. Theorists such as Edmund Burke believed that rights werenatural, including life, liberty and freedom but this theory was in theabstract, therefore they should be given by society for the good of its people,because these rights cannot be universal otherwise there is no place forcultural diversity. Burke is one of the first theorists with the culturalrelativism argument; the critics of universaljustice have further advanced this in the 20th and 21stcenturies. Burkes move to reject universalism was the first chip in theseinherent rights that ensured legitimate power; how canrights be inherent if they not available for everyone, because a culture deniesthem. Jeremy Bentham advanced this. His theory held that were no naturalrights the government for the good of society a form of utilitarianism,afforded rights. Therefor e Benthamsrights were legal rights where one can do whatever one wants as long as the lawdoes not prohibit it i.e., rights are not stemming from the individual but thestates and the powers of governance (Positivism). The problem with positivismor this early form of rights from utility is that the law/governance are thebasis of rights and because there is no greater principle of just andlegitimate governance. Themodel of Marxism states that it does not regard the individual as having anyhuman rights, instead it is for the state to set theneeds of the individuals, i.e., it is not the good of the individual that thestate upholds but the good and the needs of the state. Marx considered law,justice, freedom and democracy as ideas and concepts that are determined byhistorical and sociological circumstances and irrelevant. Instead a personsessence was the potential to use ones ability to the fullest and satisfy onesneeds, thereforepromoting fundamental rights as rights of well-being and satisfaction of theindividual. These rights would involve social and economic rights, which isthe only way to ensure legitimate power and justice. Marxs vision turned outto be idealistic and failed in reality. Themost legitimate version of power and governance seems to be a mixture oftraditional utilitarianism that affords a method of human rights. Modern utilitarian theorists have extended the theory of Bentham,but have put it in more modern terms. Instead of maximising the pleasuresand desires of the individual the government would be maximising thegeneral welfare of individuals therefore minimising frustration of wantsand preferences. Therefore what one cansee is that the governing bodies must put the general welfare first, yetminimise the individuals needs therefore causing a conflict of rightsbetween what is in the name of the society and what the individual wants. Theproblems with this theory is it is socially constructed, there is no autonomyof being and no argument for universal rights that transcend all cultures andreligions, therefore falling short of what is needed for an all-encompassinghuman rights theory, as the general welfare can be different fordiffering cultures. Rawls i n his thesis for engendering human rights statesthat justice is the prime basis ofall government and to ensure justice human rights are the obvious means and endto ensure justice is fulfilled. Rawls theory is based on a few key ideas,which are the rights and duties of government/institution of society andthe burdens and benefits of citizens co-operating. Rawls bases histheory that each individual has an inherent and inviolable being set in justice- this being cannot be overridden for the welfare of the society. This theorydoes not fall foul to the arguments against modern utilitarianism. Rawls doesuse the social contract fiction of Hobbes and Locke, however the basis ofmoving from ignorance (state of nature) is reason and this reason set up onprinciples of justice that his social contract is based upon. These principlesare; 1) that each person has basic rights and liberties in accordance withfreedom; and 2) there is distributive justice, where inequalities arerestrained by the great est benefit of least advantaged and each personhas the condition of fair equality of opportunity. These principlescannot be derogated for the public good and liberty is the supreme principle.Rawls theory is very important when looking at human rights theories becauseit begins to tackle the universality of human rights based on justice, as wellas the inequalities apparent in society. The theory does have flaws but it oneof the more comprehensive theories setting up basis rights and freedoms andensuring legitimate power because it protects the individuals democraticrights, because it is a more complex analysis of the nation-state and asAndrews and Sayward argue: The modern Western approach to political legitimacy links it withthe opportunities for democratic participation, so that democracy is now seenas a necessary condition of political legitimacy In theories of politicallegitimacy a stereotype of a domestic state with its own domestic populationcan easily emerge. Yet the actual histories of state are much more complicatedthan that. Bibliography: Andrews Saward, 2005, LivingPolitical Ideas, Edinburgh University Press Edmund Burke, Reflections onthe Revolution in France, (Hackett,Indianapolis, 1987) ed. J.G.A. Pocock Thomas Hobbes, Leviathan, Ofthe First and Second Natural Laws, and of Contracts excerpts from Ed.Joseph Losco Leonard Williams, Political Theory: Classical Writings,Contemporary Views, (St. Martins Press, New York, 1992) Peter Jones, Rights: Issues inPolitical Theory, (Palgrave, Basingstoke, 1994) John Locke, The Second Treatise ofGovernment , excerpts from Ed. Joseph Losco Leonard Williams, PoliticalTheory: Classical Writings, Contemporary Views, (St. Martins Press, NewYork, 1992) Ed. Joseph Losco Leonard Williams,Political Theory: Classical Writings, Contemporary Views, (St. MartinsPress, New York, 1992) Marx Engels, 1952 edition, TheCommunist Manifesto, Moscow, Progress Publishers John-Jacques Rousseau, SocialContract, Discourse on the Origins and Foundations of Inequality AmongMen excerpts from Ed. Joseph Losco Leonard Williams, PoliticalTheory: Classical Writings, Contemporary Views, (St. Martins Press, NewYork, 1992) Shestack, The PhilosophicalFoundations of Human Rights from Ed. Janusz Symonides, Human Rights:Concepts and Standards, (UNESCO Publishing, Aldershot, 2000) John Rawls, The Theory of Justice (OxfordUniversity Press, Oxford, 1971)

Critical Thinking and Ethics Essay

The relationship between critical thinking and ethics is important because it determines the right and wrong of a decision based on personal recognition of basic human rights. To become a good critical thinker we must analyze and observe, evaluate, and take a moment to separate or own bias beliefs from the issue at hand. Critical Thinking is defined as â€Å"The objective analysis and evaluation of an issue in order to form a judgment.† The effects of our decisions have major consequences on a surrounding body of people, and the work place environment. Issues arise when our thinking fails to keep pace with reality. Personal ethics helps assist with my decision making. It guides me to participate in actions that meet my moral standards. Ethics helps me consider the impact of my actions on an individual. The foundation of ethical thinking involves having choice and balance in your decisions. Ethics can also apply to our social and professional environment. It gives us an understanding of others opinions and gives us the ability to have an open mind to new ideas and experiences. Ethics gives recognition of the long term or short term impact are choices can have. Applying ethics allows us to accept the responsibility for the choices we make. As humans we all are faced with imperfections, it’s what we do to fix our mistakes that set us apart. In the Ethical Lens Inventory my blind spot pointed out that â€Å"I believed my motives justified methods or my own good was good enough.† Meaning I sometimes fail to be held accountable to the people that depend most on me. I become narrow minded and don’t see my method of thinking to be incorrect. By learning the steps in critical thinking I can learn to be more balanced in my reasoning skills. I can still stay determined in fulfilling my duties while achieving the greater good for other individuals. In the critical thinking process there are six steps that can be taken to insure success in everyday decision making. Step one and two describes remembering and understanding. Taking the time to listen to what is being  presented to you and fully understanding where the person is coming from or the information that is being given to you, is the first step to critical thinking. Third and Fourth step describes applying and analyzing. Practice problem solving, and identify the cause and effect of the information being given. Learn to recognize the emotional payoff by applying what was being directed to you. The Final step are evaluating and creating. Process the context of your thinking. Review what was said and reflect on it. Lastly be creative in your response. After processing all the information that was being given to you mesh all the necessary steps together and come up with a knowledgeable response. Remembering that ethics and critical thinking determines what is right and wron g in our everyday decision making and can prevent long term effects and can helps us arrive to reasonable conclusions. Bibliography 1) http://www.criticalthinking.org/pages/our-concept-of-critical-thinking/411 2) Becoming a Master Student,ch.7 ISBN:9781285193892 Authors: Dave Ellis, Doug Toft Copyright Cengage learning(2015)

Papa John’s

Papa John’s Analysis Alex Quiquia 3/19/13 MGMT 4800 Strategic Analysis of Papa John’s Introduction–We already know that Papa John's is a major player in the Pizza industry but what does the future hold for them. One of the business-level strategies that Papa John’s implemented was product differentiation through the use of fresh dough and superior-quality ingredients. John Schnatter believed that other pizza restaurants used inferior ingredients and that he could do it better. This strategy was implemented from the very beginning in the United States.Another successful business-level strategy that focused on product diversification employed by Papa John’s was the use of technology to order pizza. In 2001 they became the first pizza company to offer online ordering. The most significant corporate-level strategy used early on by Papa John’s was mergers and acquisitions. In the late 90s, the company acquired 205 â€Å"Perfect Pizza† resta urants in the UK. They continued aggressively acquiring international restaurants until the early 2000s when they began to focus their acquisition efforts domestically.In just under 30 years since opening its first store, Papa John’s has added over 4,000 stores (papajohns. com). That’s an average of over 140 new stores every year since inception, an incredible pace. They also decided to use the franchisee model. Although this model has its critics, it can be a very useful way to generate revenue without adding to store overhead, etc. The franchisee model has been successful for Papa John’s. Papa John’s was enjoying a 5+ percent average revenue growth rate for the previous five years. The company also boasted one of the highest returns on invested capital in the restaurant category of the markets.Total assets grew steadily from 2003 to 2007 as well. This growth was financed mostly by debt, but debt/equity ratios remained healthy. Apparently Papa Johnâ€⠄¢s holds a competitive advantage in its fresher, higher-quality ingredients. When a customer is looking for a restaurant-quality pizza with ease of delivery, they turn to Papa John’s. External Analysis– During this study, the pizza industry was extremely competitive. Barriers to entry were few and competitors could drive prices for pizza ingredients extremely low, enabling them to easily undercut other competitors’ prices.Food commodity prices also took a 20 percent jump in 2007, which didn’t make the industry any more attractive. One of the attractive features of the industry is that because pizza ingredients are commodities, supplier power is very low. Suppliers cannot dictate prices to buyers, because they can go somewhere else. Buyer power, however, is very high. If someone doesn’t wish to buy a $12. 00 pizza at Papa John’s, they can go across the street to Little Caesar’s for a $5. 00 pizza that tastes almost the same. The two m ajor competitors of Papa John’s are Dominos and Pizza Hut. Both of these companies enjoy a larger market share than Papa John’s.These companies are focused more on price savings than Papa John’s, who is focused on quality pizza. Just like any other sub-section of the food industry, thousands of pizza restaurants are opened each year, which continues to make profits more difficult to obtain. Internal Analysis–The commissary system is an important part of what gives Papa John’s an edge over its competitors. Every Papa John’s restaurant belongs to a subdivided region, and each region has what is known as a commissary. These commissaries send fresh ingredients and cleaning supplies twice per week to all the Papa John’s restaurants within their region.This ensures fresh ingredients and all the supplies needed to clean the restaurants. This also maintains consistency from restaurant to restaurant as all of the commissaries are controlled at the corporate level. By servicing several units from one commissary, labor costs are also driven down. Papa John’s international growth is also an advantage it has over many of its competitors. By taking advantage of all different markets around the world, Papa John’s ensures that business is most likely thriving somewhere at all times. All of these factors create a competitive advantage for Papa John’s.Recommendations Based on this analysis of Papa John’s, the following recommendations are made to help the company continue its profitability. 1. Expand internationally as much as possible. With several stores in diverse locations throughout the world, Papa John’s will be well diversified and able to absorb losses in one area better. 2. Continue to move more toward the franchisee model even more so than they are currently doing. By furthering this model, overhead and administrative costs at the corporate level are drastically reduced. Papa John’s Papa John’s Analysis Alex Quiquia 3/19/13 MGMT 4800 Strategic Analysis of Papa John’s Introduction–We already know that Papa John's is a major player in the Pizza industry but what does the future hold for them. One of the business-level strategies that Papa John’s implemented was product differentiation through the use of fresh dough and superior-quality ingredients. John Schnatter believed that other pizza restaurants used inferior ingredients and that he could do it better. This strategy was implemented from the very beginning in the United States.Another successful business-level strategy that focused on product diversification employed by Papa John’s was the use of technology to order pizza. In 2001 they became the first pizza company to offer online ordering. The most significant corporate-level strategy used early on by Papa John’s was mergers and acquisitions. In the late 90s, the company acquired 205 â€Å"Perfect Pizza† resta urants in the UK. They continued aggressively acquiring international restaurants until the early 2000s when they began to focus their acquisition efforts domestically.In just under 30 years since opening its first store, Papa John’s has added over 4,000 stores (papajohns. com). That’s an average of over 140 new stores every year since inception, an incredible pace. They also decided to use the franchisee model. Although this model has its critics, it can be a very useful way to generate revenue without adding to store overhead, etc. The franchisee model has been successful for Papa John’s. Papa John’s was enjoying a 5+ percent average revenue growth rate for the previous five years. The company also boasted one of the highest returns on invested capital in the restaurant category of the markets.Total assets grew steadily from 2003 to 2007 as well. This growth was financed mostly by debt, but debt/equity ratios remained healthy. Apparently Papa Johnâ€⠄¢s holds a competitive advantage in its fresher, higher-quality ingredients. When a customer is looking for a restaurant-quality pizza with ease of delivery, they turn to Papa John’s. External Analysis– During this study, the pizza industry was extremely competitive. Barriers to entry were few and competitors could drive prices for pizza ingredients extremely low, enabling them to easily undercut other competitors’ prices.Food commodity prices also took a 20 percent jump in 2007, which didn’t make the industry any more attractive. One of the attractive features of the industry is that because pizza ingredients are commodities, supplier power is very low. Suppliers cannot dictate prices to buyers, because they can go somewhere else. Buyer power, however, is very high. If someone doesn’t wish to buy a $12. 00 pizza at Papa John’s, they can go across the street to Little Caesar’s for a $5. 00 pizza that tastes almost the same. The two m ajor competitors of Papa John’s are Dominos and Pizza Hut. Both of these companies enjoy a larger market share than Papa John’s.These companies are focused more on price savings than Papa John’s, who is focused on quality pizza. Just like any other sub-section of the food industry, thousands of pizza restaurants are opened each year, which continues to make profits more difficult to obtain. Internal Analysis–The commissary system is an important part of what gives Papa John’s an edge over its competitors. Every Papa John’s restaurant belongs to a subdivided region, and each region has what is known as a commissary. These commissaries send fresh ingredients and cleaning supplies twice per week to all the Papa John’s restaurants within their region.This ensures fresh ingredients and all the supplies needed to clean the restaurants. This also maintains consistency from restaurant to restaurant as all of the commissaries are controlled at the corporate level. By servicing several units from one commissary, labor costs are also driven down. Papa John’s international growth is also an advantage it has over many of its competitors. By taking advantage of all different markets around the world, Papa John’s ensures that business is most likely thriving somewhere at all times. All of these factors create a competitive advantage for Papa John’s.Recommendations Based on this analysis of Papa John’s, the following recommendations are made to help the company continue its profitability. 1. Expand internationally as much as possible. With several stores in diverse locations throughout the world, Papa John’s will be well diversified and able to absorb losses in one area better. 2. Continue to move more toward the franchisee model even more so than they are currently doing. By furthering this model, overhead and administrative costs at the corporate level are drastically reduced.

The Collapse Of The Corporate Rock Star - 1686 Words

The story of Enron is one of a perfect storm--the right people in the right places with the right ideas, but the exact opposite. Moreover, it is a story about accounting fraud, deception, the ugly side of corporate culture and, most of all, greed. In entry level accounting classes, it is taught that publishing accurate financial statements and being honest in accounting practices are fundamental to maintaining a healthy business and achieving lasting success. Enron is a shining example of what happens when you choose to violate these principles. In order to fully understand what caused the collapse of the corporate rock star that was Enron we will discuss the people involved, the crimes they perpetrated, and the results of said†¦show more content†¦If Lay was Batman, Skilling was his Robin--assuming Batman and Robin were criminals and not crime fighters. Both equally responsible, both equally morally corrupt, and both equally reprehensible. Skilling would serve as the president and COO for the majority of the time period relevant to this scandal, and ultimately directed a large part of the deception that occurred in that time. As before mentioned, Skilling, like Lay, was a man of big ideas. Some would say unrealistic ideas. His motto was very much, build castles in the air, then put the foundations under them. He was infamous for setting financial goals that were by all means unattainable under normal operations. In particular, Skilling would ask financial consultants what amount of revenue would increase the stock price of Enron to market analysts projected value, then set that as the company goal, regardless of whether achieving it was even possible. In addition to Skilling s extremely forward thinking, he was a large proponent of a survival of the fittest attitude. He believed that the greatest possible efficiency in the work place resulted from direct competition with one s coworkers. This attitude spurred the implementation of the Pe rformance Review Committee, a committee which would rank all Enron employees based on performance, and fire those ranking in the bottom. Furthermore, those employees that ranked high in the standings would be